Question: if both CSYNC and H/VSYNC LEDs are lit, what does that mean?
It means that the Mac or video card is outputting composite sync, hsync, and vsync. This is normal for most "newer" Macs and cards from the early 90s onwards. If you have the Sync-inator configured for automatic selection of the sync mode, in this case it'll choose pass-through mode and send hsync/vsync to the monitor without any fancy processing.
What kind of sync outputs does your RasterOps Paint Board Li and your ColorCard/24 have? Which LEDs are lit? I'm guessing only the csync LED?
The Studio Display does display some odd lines depending on the resolution. Sometimes it happens with the Dell display I have hooked up with the usual adapter to the Li, as with the sync-in-ator: is this maybe a card issue?
What kind of lines? I looked at your photos but didn't see anything odd. If it's also happening with your normal VGA adapter then it's obviously not related to the Sync-inator, but I'd still be curious.
Does your last post mean that you got the ColorCard/24 working? I'm a little confused since you said it works, but then said you can't get it to work at its native resolution....
The Sync-inator doesn't touch the RGB color signals at all, so it shouldn't have any effect on color quality unless there's something strange happening that I don't know about.