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Cloning the Farallon MacRecorder

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
MacRecorders are still fetching $100+ on ebay, it seems like a market ripe for puncturing...

There seems to be a schematic out there from BMUG that claims to be similar, but looking at it, it doesn't quite match what I understand about the MacRecorder. Mainly, the sample rate doesn't match (9321 Hz), and on top of that, it seems to be resorting to some strange trickery to get the ADC0831 chip's output to match what the SCC expects...

I don't own an actual MacRecorder, but by the sound of it, it operates the serial port in asynchronous mode with a fast clock (16x the baud rate) being supplied over the HSKi pin. Various sources give the sample rate as about 22 kHz, which is about 1/160th the NTSC color burst clock (~3.58 MHz) - this makes sense because 160 is 16 (16 times the serial baud rate) times 10 (start bit + 8 data bits + stop bit).

If this is the case, writing firmware for the PIC12F1840 (or even the PIC12F1822, its little brother) would be pretty straightforward. Just clock the PIC from a commonly-available 14.31818 MHz oscillator, divided by four to get the instruction clock, output that to the Mac's HSKi pin, clock the UART at 1/16th the instruction clock, and repeatedly read the ADC and spit its sample out over the RxD pins. I might need some help with the analog side to get an audio input wired up to the ADC, but... yeah, seems doable.

Am I missing anything? Have there been other failed attempts to clone the MacRecorder that I ought to know about?
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
Oh, are the schematics here not actually the same?
I looked at the PDF in the sixth download, that's what I'm judging as being not-the-same. I also remember that @demik opened one up and found that the chips had all been sanded into anonymity (boo, hiss) so I don't know how much we can tell for sure...
 

Phipli

Well-known member
I looked at the PDF in the sixth download, that's what I'm judging as being not-the-same. I also remember that @demik opened one up and found that the chips had all been sanded into anonymity (boo, hiss) so I don't know how much we can tell for sure...
The MacPaint files are credited to another name so might not be the same. They look... Different. I converted them for someone once but it has been lost in the crash or was on IRC
 

Phipli

Well-known member
Ok, they is a pdf of the SID files there. It says "compatible" not the same as the MacRecorder, so same situation.
 

Phipli

Well-known member
Here for reference. Suggest having a glance.
 

Attachments

  • SID-Docs.pdf
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History_SE30_Dude

Well-known member
If memory serves me the schematics are from when the original company sold a kit for making it on your own before Farallon bought them and their new design that they then released under the Farallon brand.
 

pl212

Active member
Funny, I was thinking the thing given the crazy eBay prices! :)

Before Farallon was a commercial company, some of its products (PhoneNET and MacRecorder) came from the community in BMUG, the Berkeley Macintosh User Group. Michael P. Lamoureux was a math grad student at UCB and, I believe, a BMUG member. He published the plans for building a MacRecorder in Fall 1985, and its that issue that the PDFs on the Macintosh Garden come from.

I have every BMUG Newsletter in my collection and have written up some notes on when MacRecorder was first publicized:

https://32by32.com/bmug-and-macrecorder/

(Please treat everything on that site as my working notes, rather than the gospel truth :) )

I'm traveling this week but can check later BMUG newsletters for other MacRecorder articles.
 

demik

Well-known member
@Phipli that was for me. Thanks again :)

I ended up building a prototype with the schematics from MacGarden. It didn't work, but may be an error on my part (not working = not visible by software)

Then someone provided me a real (working) one, and the schematics don't match, different ICs, PIN numbers, etc.
IC sanded of course :( I could identify some sort of op amp, but was unable to identify the DAC and two other ICs

@tashtari I will gladly handle the analog side, as usual. I don't think the PIC can run in ADC mode only from serial pulses so the circuit will need an external power supply as well. Easily fixed
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
Does anyone out there have a MacRecorder and a scope? I could learn a lot about its behavior from some very simple testing, possibly enough to get me started on cloning it.
 

dochilli

Well-known member
@demik Which Macrecorder did you build? Macrecorder or Macrecorder II? The Macrecorder II uses the TLC549 ADC. There is a schematic in the fall 1985 BMUG Newsletter.
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
So one challenge I've run into is using the HSKi line as an external clock. It's not balanced like the TxD and RxD lines, it's instead single ended, with the negative point referenced to ground, which seems to me to mean that the Mac's 26LS32 will read it as high unless the voltage is actually below 0V. If I'm not mistaken, I need to feed this a clock signal of about 4 MHz.

I need some help constructing a circuit that'd take an 0-5V clock signal and convert it to a ~-5V-+5V clock signal... anyone have any ideas?
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
Snagged a MacRecorder off of ebay for surprisingly cheap! Hopefully this'll put me on my way to sniffing the protocol.

The problem with the HSKi line remains, though. A couple people suggested it could be done with a couple of FETs, though I'm not sure that knowledge is enough for me on its own...
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
Something like the MAX232?
That'd be a great solution except for the speed involved. Assuming my assumptions about how the MacRecorder works are correct, there needs to be a clock of about 4 MHz fed to HSKi, and the MAX232 series seems to top out in the kHz range.
 

joevt

Well-known member
RS-422 is probably more appropriate than RS-232.

MAX232 was I chip I had looked at. What I actually used was a SN75LBC777 (opened up my electronics box to find it). I had connected it to a breadboard using a Logical Systems PAxxS01-08(H)-s
SN75LBC777 in PAxxS01-08(H)-s.jpg

There's also SN75LBC771 and SN75LBC773 and SN75LBC775 and SN75LBC776 which are related. I don't know if any of these will work for your situation.
 

tashtari

PIC Whisperer
RS-422 is probably more appropriate than RS-232.
Probably, except all the RS-422/423/485 drivers I've been able to find don't actually generate negative voltages, they just generate ~0V/~5V for high and ~5V/~0V for low. Technically "differential" but not useful for the single-ended HSKi signal.

What I actually used was a SN75LBC777
It does look like this chip generates negative voltages, unfortunately it's no longer manufactured (as might be expected from a chip whose spec sheet mentions AppleTalk and GeoPort)... I think we'd be better served by a solution that involves more easily-obtained chips.
 
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