After some investigation I believe beyond-2040 is challenging but feasible. I've been a Mac user since the black and white days and I continue to have a great fondness for the System 7 era, lurking here to read with some satisfaction the clever hacks people have come up with for those machines. It has been years since I had the quality time or cognitive space for a significant hobby project, but between the patches linked above, better emulators, and advances in tool-assisted reverse engineering I suspect I may now be able to implement the toolbox routine and HFS patches necessary to help at least the core system last long into the future. If successful and feeling ambitious I would also hope to investigate an updated IP stack (likely glue around lwIP), updated cache/VM infrastructure incorporating knowledge gained in the 30+ years since those subsystems were written, mixed mode support (for early PPC), and more.
Are there volunteers here who would be interested in helping test these patches on their hardware?