First thing's first. If you are having issues installing from the disc, set the CPU throttle to 8 (which is sensible). It has to do with the SCSI bus, and possibly initialization. Even if you don't install on a SCSI drive, it will possibly help, due to issues with OS X and the SCSI bus.
I normally turn on Show Panic Text and Verbose (helps)
When I did mine, I booted from an OS 9 CD. and partitioned the drive. I *ALWAYS* put the OS 9 as the second partition and at the bottom of the drive (if you use Drive setup in OS 9, partition it in two partitions, make sure the OS 9 is at the bottom)
This allows the OS X to at least be the first part of the drive that gets looked at when it boots. If you still have issues, use the OS 9 volume as a "helper" volume. I had issues with 10.4 (not 10.3 that will install without XPostFacto) where I had to use the OS 9 volume as a helper. It installs the boot files onto the OS 9 volume and can aide in the booting process.
When you install, do not, I repeat DO NOT format the OS X partition from within OS X. it needs to be done under OS 9 if you install tiger. XPost Facto installed files on the OS X partition that not only aides and eases the install, but also when do the intial boot to install, it's not actually booting from the CD/DVD. It boots from the OS X files (going back to the OS 9 helper part) as it has modified files including the file that is modified that allows Tiger to look past the issue with no firewire.
So here is a step-by-step procedure that I have done:
1. Boot from OS 9 CD.
2. Launch Drive Setup
(be sure to backup your data first!)
3. Partition the drive. Make sure you have at least 6GB free for tiger. Paritition it into 2 (or more) partitions with the partition you plan to install OS X onto at the very top of it. If you have another partition, plan it to be below the OS X partition. Then put the OS 9 partition at the bottom of the setup (I have done as little as 350-400MB as a minimal-custom install for OS 9)
4. Go ahead and partition. Once you get done, name the volumes on the desktop accordingly (like "OS X for the OS X partition, "Classic/etc.." for OS 9, other partitions what you want
5. Install OS 9. do whatever you want to setup the system, install what you need
6. Reboot to OS 9 (you should probably eject the OS 9 CD)
7. Do updates and while you're on the net, grab the XPost Facto installer.
8. Once you are ready, pop in your 10.4 disc (CD/DVD), and we are going to set a few options
Go into the firmware options. Turn on "Show Panic Text" and "Verbose" To be on the safe side, go ahead and slide the CPU scaling to 8, you can play with this later if you want. Make sure L2 Cache is *NOT* check marked. This causes issues and in the past I have never gotten it to work.
9. go ahead and get to the main part of XPostFacto. Click on the volume you want to install onto (OS X partition) then click the Installer disc in the "install from" Click "Install from Disc"
10. It will do some stuff then restart. Do your normal install, whatever you want to do. When it restarts, it may, or may not boot to OS 9. if it does, open XPostFacto and select the OS X partition and restart (Not Startup Disk! It will freeze the machin 9/10!!!)
When you get into OS X after it's setup, install XPostFacto for OS X (.dmg version) as this will allow you to boot back into OS 9/Pick your boot volume. As you do updates, from time to time it's going to complain about the boot files. Make sure you keep those in check. You can open XPostFacto and go to the "install" Menu and have it install Everything.
This should get you going quickly. Mind you, I discovered it before it was published on their site (and even posted it on AppleFritter back in the day) if you try to boot from a FireWire drive off of a Blue and White/FireWire PCI card, and have issues, use the OS 9 volume as a helper. However, there are some issues. I ran into this. Some FireWire chipsets (including the Oxford 911 chipset) do not like working as boot volumes. It has been documented, but I have successfully booted OS X from a firewire drive on a Beige G3 with a FireWire card, as well as from FireWire on a Blue and White using firewire and an internal drive as a helper volume.
Let me know if this helps!