When you boot from a disk, it loads the first sector of the disk to address $800 and then executes whatever code is there. Your computer crashed at address $803 - the number on the left in the monitor output you see, just a couple of bytes into that code. So probably either the sector wasn't loaded correctly, or the disk is bad. Could also be RAM as
@bibilit suggests... If I recall, the IIc tests the checksum on sector 0 during boot, so it should be theoretically impossible to load it incorrectly.