Ok, big update on this project. Will try and rope in
@techknight to see if his genius can shed any light here:
So, I went back to the drawing board. The same caps were causing the exact same symptoms as the first monitor. Too much coincidence to be anything other than the parts I am using (It is virtually impossible that I screwed up the second board the same way as the first. I took each and every one of the caps from the board that were originally there and looked up and documented their series and what sort they were (i.e. general purpose), and noted that three were supposed to be low impedence, high frequency caps. The rest were caps that by their series are supposed to be general purpose. So, I changed those three after ordering equivalent types to what was originally there. The problem seems to still persist. It was actually working ok at first, with a bit of horizontal shift. It was shifted too far left, so I adjusted the horizontal position pot. The second I touched that, the whole monitor went haywire collapsing in on itself, giving the crazy pattern that happened originally.
So, here is what I have concluded thus far if I am correct:
1. The problem lies somewhere with a (or many) capacitors.
2. It likely is not because of any type of high frequency necessary cap (I made sure those were there).
3. One of the remaining caps must be somehow out of spec in a way that I do not understand.
4. The caps are not "bad" (I tested every single one before putting them in this board with my ESR meter).
I am attaching the order sheet for my capacitors that I used on this board, complete with links to the parts themselves to check if they are appropriate. I am also attaching my hand-written sheet that documents what cap, what rating, series, etc. Please note that I had two different revisions of the board I was working with, which accounts for why some caps have "or" and two different series by them. Lastly, I will attach the board schematic so that someone with understanding of how these circuits work can hopefully point me in the direction of what would cause a malfunction such as this. Hopefully the combination of what cap was there originally, what I replaced it with, and the circuit itself will lead to some possible culprits.
Note: CP12, CL14, and CL21 are the three I changed out for exact equivalent series as the originals already.