Ceramic capacitor have a lot of advantage since they are entirely solid, they tend to cost quite a bit more than tantalum and electrolytics, especially when you start to go above 10µF. One trick that I use often is to parallel them (10+10 = 20, close enough to 22µF), which helps you buying less parts.
There are a few things important to know:
- The capacitance is reduced, sometime as much as 50%, as you get close to the maximum operating voltage of the capacitor.
- The thermal characteristic can be important and is indicated by a 3 letter code. Note that your Y5V capacitor is going to have terrible characteristics if you don't operate it at 25°C (+20/-80% of its rated capacitance). X7R is the best class (C0G is only for very small pF values).
On the diagram below, the "K magnitude" is the capacitance variation as a function of operating temperature. As a rule of thumb you'd want to stick with X7R or X5R, and avoid Z5U, Z5V...
Why Z5U and Z5V even exist? they have some advantages, the first one being quite a lot cheaper and appropriate if your device operates at 25°C.
Last, you need to identify what the capacitor is used for. For the vast majority it is used for power decoupling, and the exact value does not really matter all that much as long as you keep the same order of magnitude.
View attachment 36117
View attachment 36118